Securitization of Physical Cyberspace Infrastructure as a Nexus in U.S.-Russia Relations: The Case of Submarine Communications Cables

... to Russia and its informational sovereignty [ 25 ]. Looking towards the future, the United States and Russia have made concerted steps to establish a common set of cybernorms. During the 2021 Russia-United States Summit in Geneva, President Biden annunciated that cyberattacks on sixteen critical infrastructure sectors, including the communications sector, would lead to cyberspace-based retaliation [ 26 ]. The communications sector forms one of the sixteen critical sectors, and furthermore “terrestrial” and “wireline” transmission ...