Western Sahara and Russian Arms Sales: A Review

... el-Kebir naval base, while Algeria refused this access. Nevertheless, Russian warships were spotted in Algerian ports in March 2021, as part of military cooperation between the two nations. The presence of these ships can be read as a sign of support to Algeria in regards to Western Sahara. In addition, Algeria has security issues on each of its borders. The Western Sahara conflict, the Libyan conflict, the French intervention in Mali and terrorist incursions in the country remain major challenges for Algeria. Algeria has ...