... that are killing innocent people and displacing millions of others means competing for support from the UN, and/or nation states who are major economic powers. Considering that the United States under former president Bill Clinton did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol the bluster of president Trump raises the question of whether there is some game theory (beyond Trump's “Art of The Deal” tactics) running in the background. Time will tell. Possibly one reason the Kremlin has become circumspect on ...
... seventeen goals in the Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit in September 2015
[1]
.
When the 21st Conference on Climate Change in Paris (COP21) and the 11th Conference of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol held from November 30 to December 11 last year approved the new comprehensive agreement
[2]
covering the time period up until 2020 in international cooperation on climate, it became clear that states have come to the understanding that ...
... Paris, France. The article begins with background information on climate science, emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and economics of climate change. It then continues with a brief history of developments under the Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol and moves on to discuss how a Paris agreement is expected to be different from the approach taken in Kyoto. The article further outlines the main elements of a Paris package and analyses the areas of disagreement among nations. It concludes ...
... “last effective opportunity” to avert dangerous consequences arising from climate change.
All eyes are now on COP21, which is the culmination of a lengthy and comprehensive diplomatic effort to draft a universal agreement that would replace the Kyoto Protocol. As costs of inaction, both environmental and financial, continue to mount, the conference in Paris is highly important. It is seen as the “
last effective opportunity
” to avert dangerous consequences arising from climate change....
... the UNFCCC is the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, whereby the primary responsibility for combating climate change (hence, the main emission reduction commitments) falls on developed countries and economies in transition.
The
Kyoto Protocol
signed in 1997 specifies the provisions of the UNFCCC. Both developed countries and economies in transition have made specific quantitative commitments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions over the term of the Protocol, that is, from ...
... the least developed states), while the developing world insists on maintaining the status quo.
The positions of China and India, the world's first and third largest emitters, are of key significance, as they had no quantitative obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. Hence, the format of their participation in a new agreement seems decisive. So far, Beijing and New Delhi have refrained from full-fledged obligations, only checking the cooperative aspirations of other countries that see countering the ...
Climate change has risen to the top of the international agenda and is a regular item under consideration at major international arenas including the UN, G8, and G20. Yet, available international instruments like the Kyoto Protocol have proved to be ineffective in substantially reducing global emissions and on-going negotiations on a new UN treaty have so far been protracted and yielded only modest results. Climate change thus serves as a textbook example of the
...
