Aircraft Carriers in Europe: From an Expensive Tradition to an Inexpensive Universality

... by a very small number of newly commissioned vessels of the same class. For example, Great Britain got rid of two of its three Invincible-class aircraft carriers: the lead... ... appears to be only large aircraft carrier of the Spanish Navy. Against this background, Italy looks to be quite an exception. Despite repeated declared reductions of the military... ... while France – by the second half of the 2020s. Second, the rear echelon powers (Spain, Italy) are actually catching up, and in some respects even surpassing the leaders...