The Paradoxes of Social and Economic Development in Central Asia
... exports (Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) or on workforce exports (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan). Considering the small middle class – its absolute size is difficult to... ... about 30 per cent of the population (from 35 per cent in Kazakhstan to 5 per cent in Tajikistan) – and the small domestic market, the countries of the region are bound... ... countries are increasingly reaching the objective limits of their growth. A colossal shadow economy characterises the region. For example, according to Minister of Employment...
31.01.2020