China and Europe: What Was It? The Rise and Crumbling of the ‘16+1’ Format

... at the pan-European level. In 2015, the Medium-Term Agenda for Cooperation was adopted as a framework document for cooperation. Multilateral documents were supplemented by a system of bilateral Memorandums of Understanding on cooperation within the BRI. This well-structured dialogue, as well as the objective practical interest of the CEE countries in attracting the foreign investment, on which their economic growth historically depended, [ 1 ] primarily affected the infrastructure, transport and energy sectors, as well as the readiness of the PRC to provide them. This endowed the ...